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this is a summary document. the complete document is available under request. for more information, please contact your local atmel sales office. 9315cs-indco-09/14 features avr ? microcontroller core with 1kbyte sram and 24kbyte rf library in firmware (rom) atmel ? ata8515: no user memory ? rf library in firmware only atmel ata8510: 20kbyte of user flash supported frequency ranges low-band 310mhz to 318mhz, 418mhz to 477mhz high-band 836mhz to 956mhz 315.00mhz/433.92mhz/868.30mhz and 91 5.00mhz with one 24.305mhz crystal low current consumption 9.8ma for rxmode (low-band), 1.2ma for 21ms cycle three-channel polling 9.4ma/13.8ma for txmode (l ow-band, pout = 6dbm/10dbm) typical offmode current of 5na (maximum 600na at vs = 3.6v and t = 85c) programmable output power ?12dbm to +14.5dbm (0.4db step) supports the 0dbm class of arib std-t96 ask shaping to reduce spectral bandwidth of modulated pa output signal input 1db compression point ?48dbm (full sensitivity level) ?20dbm (active antenna damping) programmable channel frequency with fractional-n pll 93hz resolution for low-band 185hz resolution for high-band fsk deviation 0.375khz to 93khz fsk sensitivity (manchester coded) at 433.92mhz ?108.5dbm at 20kbit/s f = 20khz bwif = 165khz ?111dbm at 10kbit/s f = 10khz bwif = 165khz ?114dbm at 5kbit/s f = 5khz bwif = 165khz ?122.5dbm at 0.75kbit/s f = 0.75khz bwif = 25khz ask sensitivity (manchester coded) at 433.92mhz ?110.5dbm at 20kbit/s bwif = 80khz ?125dbm at 0.5kbit/s bwif = 25khz programmable rx-if bandwidth 25khz to 366khz (approximately 10% steps) ata8510/ata8515 uhf ask/fsk transceiver summary datasheet
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 2 blocking (bwif = 165khz): 64dbc at freq uency offset = 1mhz and 48dbc at 225khz high image rejection: 55db at 315mhz/433.92mhz and 47db at 868 .3mhz/915mhz without calibration supported data rate in buffered mode 0.5kbit/s to 80kbit/s (120kbit/s nrz) supports pattern-based wake-up and start of frame identification flexible service configuration concept with on-the-fly (otf) modification (in idlemode) of sram service parameters (data rate, ?) each service consists of one service-specific configuration part three channel-specific configuration parts three service configurations are located in eeprom two service configurations are located in sram and can be modified via spi or embedded application software digital rssi with very high relative accuracy of 1db thanks to digitized if processing programmable clock output derived from crystal frequency 1024byte eeprom data memory fo r transceiver configuration spi interface for rx/tx data acce ss and transceiver configuration 500kbit spi data rate for short pe riods on spi bus and host controller on demand services (spi or api) wit hout polling or telegram reception integrated temperature sensor self check and calibration with temperature measurement configurable event signal indicates the status of the ic to an external microcontroller automatic antenna tuning at tx center frequency for loop antenna automatic low-power channel polling flexible polling configuration concerning timing, order and participating channels fast rx/tx reaction time power-up (typical 1.5ms offmode -> txmode, offmode -> rxmode) rxmode <-> txmode switching (typical 500s) supports mixed ask/fsk telegrams non-byte aligned data reception and transmission software customization antenna diversity with external switch via gpio control antenna diversity with internal spdt switch supply voltage range 1.9v to 3.6v temperature range ?40c to +85c esd protection at all pins (4kv hbm, 200v mm, 750v fcdm) small 5 5mm qfn32 package/pitch 0.5mm suitable for applications governed by en 300 220 and fcc part 15, title 47 applications remote control system home and building automation wireless sensor networks weather stations battery operated remote controls smoke detectors wireless alarm and security systems
3 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 1. general description 1.1 introduction the atmel ? ata8510/15 is a highly integrated, low-power uhf ask/fsk rf transceiver with an integrated avr ? microcontroller. the atmel ata8510/15 is partitioned into three sections; an rf front end, a digital baseband and the low-power 8-bit avr microcontroller. the product is designed for the ism frequency bands in the ranges of 310mhz to 318mhz, 418mhz to 477mhz and 836mhz to 956mhz. the external part count is kept to a minimum due to the very high level of integration in this device. by combining outstandin g rf performance with highly sophistica ted baseband signal processing, robust wireless communication can be easily achieved. the receive path uses a low-if architecture with an integrated double quadrature receiver and digitized if processing. this results in high image rejection and excellent blocking performance. the transmit path uses a closed loop fractional-n modulator wi th gauss shaping and pre-emphasis functionality for high data rates. in addition, highly flexible and configurable baseband sign al processing allows the transceiver to operate in several scanning, wake-up and automatic self-polling scenarios. for example, during polling the ic can scan for specific message content (ids) and save valid telegram data in the fifo buffer for later retrieval. the device in tegrates two re ceive paths that enable a parallel search for two telegrams with differen t modulations, data rates, wake-up conditions, etc. the atmel ata8510/15 implements a flexib le service configuration concept and su pports up to 15 channels. the channels are grouped into five service configurat ions with three channels each. three serv ice configurations are located in the eeprom. two service configurati ons are located in the sram to allow on-the-fly modifications during idlemode via spi commands or application software. the application software is located in the flash for atmel ata8510. highly configurable and autonomous scanning capability enables flexible polling scena rios with up to 15 channels. the configuration of the transceiver is stored in a 1024byte eeprom. the spi interf ace enables external control and device reconfiguration. in the atmel ata8510 the internal microcontroller with 20kbyt e user flash can be used to add custom extensions to the atmel firmware. the atmel ata8515 embeds only the firmware rom without user memory. the debugwire and isp interface are available for programming purposes. table 1-1. program memory comparison of atmel ata8510/15 devices device atmel firmware rom user flash user rom atmel ata8515 24kbyte - - atmel ata8510 24kbyte 20kbyte -
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 4 1.2 system overview figure 1-1. circuit overview figure 1-1 shows an overview of the main functional blo cks of the atmel ? ata8510/15. external control of the atmel ata8510/15 is performed through t he spi pins sck, mosi, miso, and nss on port b. the configuration of the atmel ata8510/15 is stored in the eeprom and a large portion of the functionality is defined by the firmware located in the rom and processed by the avr ? . an spi command can trigger the avr to configure the hardware according to settings that are stored in the eepr om and start up a given system mode (e.g., rxmode, txmode or pollingmode). internal events such as ?start of telegra m? or ?fifo empty? are signal ed to an external microcon troller on pin 28 (pb6/event). during the start-up of a service, the relev ant part of the eeprom content is copied to the sram. this allows faster access by the avr during the subseq uent processing steps a nd eliminates t he need to write to the eeprom during runtime because parameters can be modified direct ly in the sram. as a consequence t he user does not need to observe the eeprom read/write cycle limitations. it is important to note that a ll pwron and npwron pins (pc1..5, pb4, pb7) are active in offmode. this means that even if the atmel ata8510/15 is in offmode and the dvcc volta ge is switched off, the power management circuitry within the atmel ata8510/15 biases these pins with vs. avr ports can be used as butto n inputs, external lna supply voltage (rx_active), led dr ivers, event pin, switching control for additional spdt switches, general purpose digital inputs, or wake-up input s, etc. some functionality of these ports is already implemented in th e firmware and can be activated by adequate eepr om configurations. ot her functionality is available only through custom software residing in the 20kbyte flash program memory (atmel ata8510). rx dsp rf front end tx dsp rfin rf_out data bus src, frc oscillators port b (8) xto xtal pb[7..0] (spi) pc[5..0] port c (6) avr peripherals avr cpu supply reset sram rom flash eeprom
5 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 1.3 pinning figure 1-2. pin diagram note: the exposed die pad is connected to the internal die. table 1-2. pin description pin no. pin name type description 1 rfin_lb analog lna input for low-band frequency range (< 500mhz) 2 rfin_hb analog lna input for high-band frequency range (> 500mhz) 3 spdt_rx analog rx switch output ( damped signal output) 4 spdt_ant analog antenna input (rxmode) and outpu t (txmode) of the spdt switch 5 ant_tune analog antenna input 6 spdt_tx analog txmode input of the spdt switch 7 rf_out analog power amplifier output 8 vs_pa analog power amplifier supply, connect to vs 9 test_en ? test enable, connected to gnd in application 10 xtal1 analog crystal oscillator pin 1 (input) 11 xtal2 analog crystal oscillator pin 2 (output) 12 avcc analog rf front end supply regulator output 13 vs analog main supply voltage input 14 pc0 digital main alternate : avr port c0 : pcint8 / nreset / debugwire 15 pc1 digital main alternate : avr port c1 : npwron1 / pcint9 / ext_clk 16 pc2 digital main alternate : avr port c2 : npwron2 / pcint10 / trpa rfin_lb rfin_hb agnd pb7 pb6 pb5 pb4 pb3 pc2 pc1 pc0 vs avcc xtal2 xtal1 test_en spdt_rx spdt_ant a nt_tune spdt_tx rf_out vs_pa pb2 32 1 2 exposed die pad 3 4 5 6 7 8 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 9 10111213141516 pb1 pb0 dgnd dvcc pc5 pc4 pc3 atmel ata8510 ata8515 atest_io2 atest_io1
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 6 17 pc3 digital main alternate : avr port c3 : npwron3 / pcint11 / tmdo / txd 18 pc4 digital main alternate : avr port c4 : npwron4 / pcint12 / int0 / tmdi / rxd 19 pc5 digital main alternate : avr port c5 : npwron5 / pcint13 / trpb / tmdo_clk 20 dvcc ? digital supply voltage regulator output 21 dgnd ? digital ground 22 pb0 digital main alternate : avr port b0 : pcint0 / clk_out 23 pb1 digital main alternate : avr port b1 : pcint1 / sck 24 pb2 digital main alternate : avr port b2 : pcint2 / mosi (spi master out slave in) 25 pb3 digital main alternate : avr port b3 : pcint3 / miso (spi master in slave out) 26 pb4 digital main alternate : avr port b4 : pwron / pcint4 / led1 (strong high side driver) 27 pb5 digital main alternate : avr port b5 : pcint5 / int1 / nss 28 pb6 digital main alternate : avr port b6 : pcint6 / event (firmwar e controlled external microcontroller event flag) 29 pb7 digital main alternate : avr port b7 : npwron6/ pcint7/ rx_active (strong high side driver) / led0 (strong low side driver) 30 agnd ? analog ground 31 atest_io2 ? rf front end test i/o 2 connected to gnd in application 32 atest_io1 ? rf front end test i/o 1 connected to gnd in application gnd ? ground/backplane on exposed die pad table 1-2. pin description (continued) pin no. pin name type description
7 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 1.4 typical applications 1.4.1 typical 3v application with external microcontroller figure 1-3. typical 3v applicatio n with external microcontroller figure 1-3 shows a typical application circuit with an external ho st microcontroller for the 315mhz or 433.92mhz band running from a 3v lithium cell. the atmel ? ata8510/15 stays in offmode until npwr on1 (pc1) is used to wake it up. in offmode the atmel ata8510/15 draws typically less than 5na (600na maximum at 3.6v/85c). in offmode all atmel ata8510/15 avr ? ports pb0..pb7 and pc0..pc5 are switched to input. pc0..pc5 and pb7 have internal pull-up resistors ensuring that the voltage at these po rts is vs. pb0..pb6 are tri-st ate inputs and require additional consideration. pb1, pb2, and pb5 have defined voltages sinc e they are connected to th e output of the external microcontroller. pb4 is connected to ground to avoid unwanted power-ups. pb0, pb3 and pb6 do not require external circuitry since the internal circuit avoids transverse currents in offmode. the external microcontroller has to tolerate the floating inputs. otherwise additional pull-down re sistors are required on these floating lines. typically, the key fob buttons are connected to the external microcontroller and the atmel ata8510/15 wake-up is done by pulling npwron1 (pin 15) to ground. if ther e are not enough ports for button inputs on the microcontroller, it is possible to connect up to four additional buttons to the ports pc2..pc5. in this case, the occurrence of a port event (button pressed) generates an event on pin 28. the corresponding por t event is available in the event registers. a pcb trace loop antenna is typically used in this type of application. an internal an tenna tuning procedure tunes the resonant frequency of this loop antenna to the tx frequency. this is accomplished with an integrated variable capacitor on the ant_tune pin. rf_out and rf_in are optimally matche d to the spdt_tx and spdt_rx pins of the integrated rx/tx switch. the spdt_ant pin has an impedance of 50 for both the rx and tx functions. the dc output voltage of the power amplifier is required at the spdt_tx pin for proper opera tion. also, the rfin pin needs a dc path to ground, which is easily achieved with the matching shunt inductor.t he impedance of the loop antenna is transformed to 50 with three capacitors, two of them external and one built-in at the ant_tune pin. together with the fractional -n pll within the atmel ? ata8510/15, an external crystal is used to fix the rx and tx frequency. accurate load capacitors for this crystal are integrated to re duce the system part count and cost. only four supply blocking capacitors are needed to decouple the different supply vo ltages avcc, dvcc, vs, and vs_pa of the atmel ata8510/15. the exposed die pad is the rf and analog ground of the atmel ata8510/15. it is connected directly to agnd via a fused lead. for applications operating in the 868.3mhz or 915mhz frequency bands a high-band rf input, rfin_hb, is supplied and must be used instead of rfin_lb. the atmel ata8510/15 is controlled using specif ic spi commands via the spi interface, and an internal eeprom for applicati on specific configurations. rfin_lb irq nss miso mosi sck vdd clk_in atest _io1 atest _io2 test _en rfin_hb agnd pb7 pb6 pb5 pb4 pb3 pc2 pc1 pc0 vs avcc xtal2 xtal1 spdt_rx spdt_ant ant_tune spdt_tx rf_out vs_pa pb2 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 910111213 1415 16 pb1 pb0 dgnd dvcc pc5 pc4 pc3 vs = 3v microcontroller atmel ata8510 ata8515 wake/monitor optional harmonic filter
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 8 1.4.2 typical 3v stand-alone application figure 1-4. typical 3v stand-alone application figure 1-4 shows a stand-alone key fob application circuit for 315 mhz or 433.92mhz running from a 3v lithium cell. the atmel ata8510/15 stays in offmode until one of the npwron ports pc1..pc5 is pulled to ground level, waking up the circuit. the npwron ports pc1..pc5 have internal 50k pull-up resistors and can be left open if not used. the user application software within the 20kbyte flash (a tmel ata8510) is used to control the atmel ata8510/15 transceiver together with the firmware in the 24kbyte rom. the atmel ata8515 is not suitable for this application. the rf and decoupling circuitry is similar to figure 1-3 on page 7 . in this application, an led is connected to pb7. alternativel y, an additional wake-up button can be used on pb7 instead of an led. an led can also be connected to pb4. however, note the additional pull-down resistor connected in parallel that is needed to prevent transverse currents in of fmode. this special case only applies to pb4 because of its active input characteristics (pwron). rfin_lb atest _io1 test _io2 test _en rfin_hb agnd pb7 pb6 pb5 pb4 pb3 pc2 pc1 pc0 vs avcc xtal2 xtal1 spdt_rx spdt_ant ant_tune spdt_tx rf_out vs_pa pb2 32 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 910111213 141516 pb1 pb0 dgnd dvcc pc5 pc4 pc3 vs = 3v vs vs vs atmel ata8510
9 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 2. system functional description 2.1 overview 2.1.1 service-based concept the atmel ? ata8510/15 is a highly configurable uhf transceiver. t he configuration is stored in an internal 1024-byte eeprom. the master system control is performed by firmware. general chip-wide settings are loaded from the eeprom to hardware registers during syst em initialization. during start- up of a transmit or receive mode th e specific sett ings are loaded from the eeprom or sram to the current service in the sr am and from there to the co rresponding hardware registers. a complete configuration set of the transceiver is called ?s ervice? and includes rf settings, demodulation settings, and telegram handling information. each service contains three chann els which differ in the rf receive or transmit frequencies. the atmel ata8510/15 supports five services which can be c onfigured in various ways to m eet customer requirements. three service configurations are located in the eeprom space. they are fixed co nfigurations which should not be changed during runtime. two service configurations are located in the sram space and can be modified by user sw in a flash application or by an spi command during idlemode. a service consists of one service-specific configuration part three channel-specific configuration parts further configurations for pollingmode and rssi are availa ble and can be modified in idlemode via an spi command and/or user sw. figure 2-1 gives an overview on the service based-concept. figure 2-1. service-based concept overview eeprom system initialization channel 0 channel 1 channel 2 eeprom polling configuration eeppollloopconf service 0 eepservices [0] channel 0 channel 1 channel 2 service 1 eepservices [1] channel 0 channel 1 channel 2 service 2 eepservices [2] channel atmel ata8510/15 hardware service s currentservice sram spi channel 0 channel 1 channel 2 sram polling configuration pollconfig service 3 sramservices [0] channel 0 channel 1 channel 2 service 4 sramservices [1] rssi threshold configuration for each channel rssithreshold [][]
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 10 2.1.2 supported telegrams 2.1.2.1 telegram structure the atmel ? ata8510/15 supports the transmission and reception of a wide variety of telegrams and protocols. generally no special structure is required from a tele gram to be received or transmitted by the atmel ata8510/15. however, designated hardware and software features are built in for the bloc ks that are depicted in figure 2-2 . using this structure or parts of it can increase the sensitivity a nd robustness of the broadcast. figure 2-2. telegram structure desync: the de-synchronization is usually a coding violation with a length of several symbols that should provoke a defined restart of the receiver. the use of a de-synchronization leads to more det erministic receiver behavior, reducing the required preamble length. this can be favorable in timing-cr itical and energy-critical applications. preamble: the preamble is a pattern that is sent before the actual data payload to sync hronize the receiver and provide the starting point of the payload. a very regular patt ern (e.g., 1-0-1-0...) is recommended for synchronization (?wak e-up pattern, wup?, sometimes also called ?pre -burst?) while a unique, well-defined pattern of up to 32 symbols is required to mark the start of the data payload (?start frame ident ifier, sfid? or ?start bit?). in polling scenar ios the wup can be tens or hundreds of ms long. data payload: the data payload contains the actual info rmation content of the telegram. it can be nrz or manchester-c oded. the length of the payload is application depen dent, typically 1..64 bytes. checksum: a checksum can be calculated across the data payload to ve rify that the data have been received correctly. a typical example is an 8-bit crc checksum. data bits at the begi nning of the payload can be excluded from the crc calculation. stop sequence: the stop sequence is a short data pattern (typically 2 to 6 symb ols) to mark the end of the telegram. a coding violation can be used to prevent additional (non- deterministic) data from being received. 2.1.2.2 nrz and manchester coding within this document the following wording is used: the expression data ?bit? describes the real information content that is to be broadcast. this information can be coded in ?symbols? (sometimes also called ?chips?) wh ich are then physically transmitted from sender to receiver. the receiver has to decode the ?symbols? back into data ?bits? to access the information. th e ?symbol rate? is therefore always greater or equal to the ?bit rate?. the atmel ata8510/15 supports two coding modes: manc hester coding and non-return-to-zero (nrz) coding. nrz coding is implemented in a straightforward manner: one bit is represented by one symbol. manchester coding implements two symbols per data bit. there is always a transi tion between the two symbols of one data bit so that one data bit always consists of a ?0? and a ?1?. the polarity can be either way as shown in figure 2-3 on page 11 . desync preamble data payload checksum stop sequence
11 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 figure 2-3. manchester code manchester coding has many advantages such as simple cl ock recovery, no dc component, and error detection by code violation. drawbacks are the coding/dec oding effort and the increased symbol rate which is twice the data rate. 2.2 operating modes overview this section gives an overview of the operating modes supported by the atmel ? ata8510/15 as shown in figure 2-4 . figure 2-4. operating modes overview clock data manchester (e.g., ieee 802.3) manchester (inverse) 10 10 000 100 11 pollingmode txmode init done power-on wdr idlemode rxmode system initialization offmode tcmode extr purerxmode invalid wake-up system error loop init fails
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 12 after connecting the supply voltage to the vs pin, the atmel at a8510/15 always starts in offmode. all internal circuits are disconnected from the power supply. ther efore, no spi communicatio n is supported. the atmel ata8510/15 can be woken up by activating the pwron pin or on e of the npwronx pins. th is triggers the power-on se quence. after the system initialization the atmel ata8510/15 reaches the idlemode. the idlemode is the basic system mode supporting spi communi cation and transitions to all other operating modes. there are two options of the idle mode requiring configuratio n in the eeprom settings: idlemode(rc) with low power consumption using the fast rc (frc) oscillator for processing idlemode(xto) with active crystal oscillator for hi gh accuracy clock output or timing measurements the transmit mode (txmode) enables data transmission using t he selected service/channel configurations. it is usually enabled by the spi command ?s et system mode?, or directly after power- on, when selected in the eeprom setting. the receive mode (rxmode) provides data reception on the se lected service/channel config uration. the precondition for data reception is a valid preamble. the receiver continuously scans for a valid telegram and receives the data if all pre- configured checks are successful. the rxmode is usually enabled by the spi command ?set syst em mode?, or directly after power-on, when selected in the eeprom setting. the pure receive mode (purerxmode) is a unique receive mode only available as transparent mode. there is no precondition for data reception necessary. it must be enabled in the eeprom settings and is activated by a special use of pin 18. in pollingmode the receiver is activated for a short period of time to check for a valid telegram on the selected service/channel configurations. the receiver is deactivated if no valid telegram is found and a sleep period with very low power consumption elapses. this process is repeated periodically in accordance with the polling configuration. the initial settings are stored in the eeprom and copied during firmware in itialization to the sram. this allows modification of the pollingmode timing and service/channel configuration during idlemode. the tune and check mode (tcmode) offers calibration and self -checking functionality for the vco, and frc oscillators as well as for antenna tuni ng, temperature measurem ent, and polling cycle accu racy. this mode is activated via the spi command ?calibrate and che ck?. when selected in the eepr om settings, tune and check tasks are also used during system initialization after power-on. fu rthermore, they can also be activated periodically during pollingmode. table 2-1 shows the relations between the operating modes and th eir corresponding power supplies, clock sources, and sleep mode settings. notes: 1. during idlemode(rc) and idlemode(xto) the avr ? microcontroller enters sleep mode to reduce current consumption. the sle ep mode of the microcontroll er section can be defined in the eeprom. the power-down mode is recommended for keeping current consumption low. table 2-1. operating modes versus power supplies and oscillators operation mode avr sleep mode dvcc avcc xto src frc offmode - off off off off off idlemode(rc) active mode power-down (1) on off off off off on on on off idlemode(xto) active mode power-down (1) on on on on on on off off txmode active mode on on on off rxmode active mode on on on off pollingmode(rc) - active period - sleep period active mode power-down (1) on off on off on on on off pollingmode(xto) - active period - sleep period active mode power-down (1) on on on on on on off off
13 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 3. hardware 3.1 overview the atmel ? ata8510/15 consists of an analog front end, digital signal processing blocks (dsp), an 8-bit avr ? sub-system and various supply modules such as oscillators and power r egulators. a hardware block diagram of the atmel ata8510/15 is shown in figure 3-1 . figure 3-1. block diagram together with the fractional-n pll, the crys tal oscillator (xto) generat es the local oscillator (lo) signal for the mixer in rxmode. the rf signal comes either from the low-band in put (rfin_lb) or from the high-band input (rfin_hb) and is amplified by the low-noise amplifier (lna ) and down-converted by the mixer to the intermediate frequency (if) using the lo signal. a 10db if amplifier with low-pass f ilter characteristic is used to achieve enhanced system sensitivity without affectin g blocking performance. after the mixer, the if signal is sampled using a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (adc). within the rx digital signal processing (rx dsp) the received si gnal from the adc is filtered by a digital channel filter and demodulated. two data receive paths, pat h a and path b, are included in the rx dsp after the digital channel filter. in addition, the receive path can be configured to provide th e digital output of an internal temperature sensor (temp( ? )). lna, mixer if amp power amplifier rx dsp a d rf front end rfin_lb rfin_hb rf_out spdt_rx spdt_ant spdt_tx tx dsp xto xtal1 xtal2 pb[7:0] data bus pc[5:0] irq crc avcc dvcc vs rom 24kb avr cpu flash 20kb eeprom 1152b sram 1kbyte 16 bit sync timer watchdog timer front-end registers src, frc oscillators clock management debug wire nvm controller port b (8) spi port c (6) 16 bit async timers 2x fractional n-pll supplies and reset sequencer state machine voltage monitor spdt damping 8 bit async timers 2x tx modulator support fifo data fifo avr sub- system te m p ( ? ) ant_tune antenna tuning vs_pa
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 14 in txmode the fractional-n pll generates the tx frequency. the power amplifier (pa) generates an rf output power signal programmable from ?10dbm to +14dbm at rf_out. the fsk modu lation is performed by changing the frequency setting of the fractional-n pll dynamically with tx digital signal proc essing (tx dsp). digital preemphas is and digital gauss filtering can be activated in the tx dsp in order to achieve higher data rates or reduce occupied ba ndwidth. the ask modulation is performed by switching the power amplifier on and off. an ask s haping filter is available to reduce the transmitted bandwidth of the modulated pa output signal. the sh aping filter can also be used at the start and end of an fsk transmission. with the single pole double throw (spdt) switch the rf si gnal from the antenna is switched to rfin in rxmode and from rf_out to the antenna in txmode. an adjustable capacitor and an rf level detector on ant_tune are used to tune the center frequency of loop antennas to reduce tolerances and capacitive proximity effects. the system is controlled by an avr ? cpu with 24kb firmware rom and 20kb user flash for the atmel ? ata8510. 1024-byte eeprom, 1024-byte sram, and other peripherals ar e supporting the transceiver handling. two gpio ports, pb[7:0] and pc[5:0], are available for external digital connecti ons, for example, as an alter nate function the spi interface is connected to port b. the atmel ata8510/15 is controlle d by the eeprom configuration and spi commands and the functional behavior is mainly determined by firmware in th e rom. much of the configur ation can be modified by the eeprom settings. the firmware running on the avr gives access to the hardware functionalit y of the atmel ata8510/15. extensions to this firmware can be added in the 20kb of fl ash memory for the atmel ata 8510. the rx dsp and tx dsp registers are addressed directly and accessible from the avr. a set of sequencer state machines is included to perform rx and tx path operations (such as enable, disable, receive, transmit) which require a defined timing parallel to the avr program execution. the power management contains low-drop out (ldo) regulators and reset circuits for the supply voltages vs, avcc and dvcc, of the atmel ata8510/15. in offmode all the supply voltages avcc and dvcc, are switched off to achieve very low current consumption. the atmel ata8510/15 can be powered up by activating the pwron pin or one of the npwron[6:1] pins because they are still active in offmo de. the avcc domain can be switched on and off independently from dvcc. the atmel ata8510/15 includes two idle modes. in idlemode(rc) only the dvcc voltage regulator, the frc and src oscillators are active and the avr uses a power-dow n mode to achieve low current consumption. the same power-down mode can be used during the inactive phases of the pollingmode. in idlemode(xto) the avcc voltage domain as well as the xto are additionally activated. an integrated watchdog timer is available to restart the atme l ata8510/15 when it is not served within the configured time- out period. 3.2 receive path 3.2.1 overview the receive path consists of a low-noise am plifier (lna), mixer, if amplifier, analo g-to-digital converter (adc), and an rx digital signal processor (rx dsp). the fractional-n pll and the xto deliver the local oscillator frequency in rxmode. the receive path is controlled by the rf front-end registers. two separate lna inputs, one for low-band and one for high-ba nd, are provided to obtain optimum performance matching for each frequency range and to allow multi-band applications. a ra dio frequency (rf) level dete ctor at the lna output and a switchable damping included into the single-pole double-trough (spd t) switch is used in the pres ence of large blockers to achieve enhanced system blocking performance. the mixer converts the received rf signal to a low inte rmediate frequency (if) of about 250khz. a double-quadrature architecture is used for the mixer to achieve high image re jection. additionally, the third- order suppression of the local oscillator (lo) harmonics makes receivi ng without a front-end saw filter less critical , such as in a car key fob application. an if amplifier provides additional gain and improves the receiv er sensitivity by 2-3d b. because of built-in filter function, t he in-band compression is degraded by 10db, while the out-of-band compression remains unchanged. the adc converts the if signal into the digital domain. due to the high effective resolution of the adc, the channel filter and received signal strength indicator (rssi) can be realized in the digital signal domain. therefore, no analog gain control (agc) potentially leading to critical timing issues or analog fi ltering is required in front of the adc. this leads to a receiv er front end with excellent blocking performa nce up to the 1db compression point of the lna and mixer, and a steep digital channel filter can be used. the rx dsp performs the channel filtering and converts t he digital output signal of the adc to the baseband for demodulation. due to the digita l realization of these functions the rx dsp ca n be adapted to the needs of many different applications. channel bandwidth, data rate, modulation type, wake-up criteria, signal chec ks, clock recove ry, and many other properties are configurable. the rssi value is realized completely in the digital signal domain, enabling very high relative and absolute accuracy that is only deteriorat ed by the gain errors of the lna, mixer, and adc.
15 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 two independent receive paths a and b are integrated in the rx dsp after the channel filter and allow the use of different data rates, modulation types, and protocols without the need to power up the receive path more than once to decide which signal should be received. this results in a reduced polling current in several applications. the integration of remote keyless entry (rke), passive entr y and go (peg) and tire-pressure monitoring systems (tpm) into one module is simplified because completely different protocols can be supported and a low polling current is achieved. it is even possible to configure different receive rf bands for differ ent applications by using the tw o lna inputs. for example, a tpm receiver can be realized at 433.92mhz while a peg system uses the 868mhz ism band with multi-channel communication. 3.2.2 rx digital signal processing (rx dsp) the rx digital signal processing (dsp) block performs the digital filtering, decoding, checking, and byte-wise buffering of the rx samples that are derived from the adc as shown in figure 3-2 . the rx dsp provides the following outputs: raw demodulated data at the trpa/b pins decoded data at the tmdo and tmdo_clk pins buffered data bytes toward the data fifo and id check block auxiliary information about the signal such as the received signal strength indication (rssi) and the frequency offset of the received signal from the selected center frequency (rxfoa/b) figure 3-2. rx dsp overview the channel filter determines the receiver bandwidth. its output is used for both receiving paths a and b, making it necessary to configure the filter to ma tch both paths. the re ceiving paths a and b are identic al and consist of an ask/fsk demodulator with attached signal checks, a frame synchronizer which supports pa ttern-based searches for the telegram start and a 1-byte hardware buffer with integrated crc checker for the received data. depending on the signal checks, one path is selected which writes the received data to the data fifo and optionally to the id check block. the rssi values are determined by the demodulator and writte n via the rssi buffer to the support fifo where the latest 16 values are stored for further processing. tmdo_a tmdo_clk_a tmdo_b tmdo_clk_b rxfoa trpa rxfob trpb rssi demod & check path a data byte path b rx buffer a rx buffer b rssi buffer frame sync a frame sync b = = id check = support fifo data fifo data byte channel filter adc data
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 16 3.3 transmit path the atmel ? ata8510/15 integrates a transm itter that is capable of send ing data with various options: frequency bands 310mhz to 318mhz, 418m hz to 477mhz, 836mhz to 956mhz data rates up to 80kbit/s manchester or 120ksym/s nrz in buffered and transparent mode ask or fsk modulation transparent or buffered mode ask shaping filter gauss-shaping digital filter this section describes the hardware blocks that are integrated to perform the tran smit functionality. figure 3-3 shows a block diagram of the transmit data path. figure 3-3. transmit data path the transmission data source can be selected from a register bit, the transparent input pin 18 (tmdi), and the tx modulator that fetches the data from the dfifo and sfifo. if ask/ook modulation is selected, the data stream is used to directly switch the power am plifier on and off. the transmitted carrier frequency is set by the pll frequency synthesizer. if fsk modulation is selected, the data st ream is used to switch between two fr equencies that are generated by the pll frequency synthesizer. the power amplifie r is constantly on. power ramping (ask shaping) can be used during on and off switching. to reduce the occupied bandwidth a digital gau ss-shaping filter can be enabl ed. for data rates above 20khz manchester or 40khz nrz-coding a digital preemphasis filter has to be enabled to compensate for the pll loop filter. gauss filter power amp pll rfout on/off ffreq2 fsk 1 1 ask 0 00 01 10 11 0 1 0 fscr. txmod configuration registers control state machine crc stop sequ sfifo dfifo manch. code shift register ffreq1 pin 18/ tmdi tx dsp tx modulator analog frontend pre- emphasis filter 1 0 1 0 ask shaping filter
17 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 3.4 avr controller 3.4.1 avr controller sub-system the avr ? controller sub-system consists of the avr cpu core, its program memory, and a data bus with data memory and peripheral blocks attached. the receive path and the transmit path also have their user interfaces connected to the data bus. 3.4.2 cpu core the main function of the cpu core is to ensure correct program execution. for this reason, the cpu core must be able to access memories, perform calculations, control peripherals, and handle interrupts. figure 3-4. overview of architecture in order to maximize performance and parallelism, the avr uses a harvard architecture?with separate memories and buses for program and data. instructions in the program memo ry are executed with single-level pipelining. while one instruction is being executed, the next inst ruction is prefetched from the program me mory. this concept enables instructions to be executed in every clock cycle. the program memo ry is in-system reprogramma ble flash memory and rom. the fast-access register file contains 32 8-bit general purpose working registers with a single clock cycle access time. this allows a single-cycle arithmetic and logic unit (alu) operation. in a typical al u operation, two operands are output from the register file, the operation is ex ecuted, and the result is stored back in the regist er file?in one clock cycle. six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bit indirect address register pointers for data space addressing, enabling efficient address calculations. on e of these address pointers can also be used as an address pointer for lookup tables in the flash program memory. referred to as ?x,? ?y,? and ?z? register s, these higher 16-bit function registers are described later in this section. status and control interrupt unit spi unit 32 x 8 general purpose registers alu data bus 8-bit data sram watchdog timer instruction register instruction decoder clock management eeprom portn control lines direct addressing indirect addressing i/o module n program counter rom flash program memory i/o module 1
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 18 the alu supports arithmetic and logic operat ions between registers or between a constant and a register. single register operations can also be executed in the alu. after an arithmetic operation, the status register is updated to reflect information about the result of the operation. the program flow is provided by conditional and unconditional jump and call instructions which are able to directly address the entire address space. most avr ? instructions have a single 16-bit word format. every program memory address contains a 16- or 32-bit instruction. the program memory space is divided in two sections, the boot program section and the application program section. both sections have dedicated lock bits for write and read/write pr otection. the store program memory (spm) instruction that writes into the application flash memory sect ion must reside in the boot program section. during interrupts and subroutine calls, the return address of the program counter (pc) is stored on the stack. the stack is effectively allocated in the general data sram ?the stack size is thus only limited by the total sram size and the usage of the sram. all user programs must initialize the stack pointer (sp) in the reset routine before subroutines or interrupts are executed. the sp is read/write a ccessible in the i/o space. the data sram can easily be accessed through the five different addressing modes supported in the avr architecture. the memory spaces in the avr architecture are all linear and regular memory maps. a flexible interrupt module has its control registers in the i/o space with an additional global interrupt enable bit in the st atus register. all interrupts have a separate interrupt vector in th e interrupt vector table. the interrupts have priority in accord ance with their interrupt vector position. the lower the interrupt vector address, the higher the priority. the i/o memory space contains 64 addresses for cpu peripheral functions as control registers, spi, and other i/o functions. the i/o memory can be accessed directly, or as the data space lo cations following those of the register file, 0x20 - 0x5f. in addition, the circuit has extended i/o space from 0x60 - 0x1ff and sram where only the st/sts/std and ld/lds/ldd instructions can be used.
19 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 3.5 power management the ic has four power domains: 1. vs ? unregulated battery voltage input 2. dvcc ? internally regulated digital s upply voltage. typical value is 1.35v. 3. avcc ? internally regulated rf front end and xto supply. typical value is 1.85v. the atmel ? ata8510/15 can be operated from v s = 1.9v to 3.6v. figure 3-5. power supply management power management (common reference, voltage monitor) vs_pa regulator avcc regulator port b spi port c 220nf 22nf 2.2f avcc vs vs xtal1 ... level shifter xtal2 ... ... data bus pb7 pb4 pc1 pc5 dvcc regulator avr cpu, avr peripherals, memories, rxdsp, txdsp and frc/src rf front end and xto dvcc rfin_lb rfin_hb spdt_rx spdt_ant spdt_tx rf_out ant_tune
ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 20 5. package information 4. ordering information extended type number package remarks ata8510-wnqw qfn32 5mm x 5mm, 6k tape and reel, pb-free, 20kbyte user flash ata8515-wnqw qfn32 5mm x 5mm, 6k tape and reel, pb-free common dimensions (unit of measure = mm) package drawing contact: packagedrawings@atmel.com gpc symbol min nom max note 0.8 a 0.85 0.9 0 a1 0.035 0.05 0.16 a3 0.21 0.26 4.9 d 5 5.1 3.5 d2 3.6 3.7 4.9 e 5 5.1 3.5 e2 3.6 3.7 0.35 l 0.4 0.45 0.2 b 0.25 0.3 e 0.5 drawing no. rev. title 6.543-5124.03-4 1 10/18/13 package: vqfn_5x5_32l exposed pad 3.6x3.6 dimensions in mm specifications according to din technical drawings top view partially plated surface d 1 8 32 pin 1 id e side view a3 a a1 b l z 10:1 bottom view e d2 9 1 8 16 17 24 25 32 e2 z two step singulation process
21 ata8510/ata8515 [summary datasheet] 9315cs?indco?09/14 6. revision history please note that the following page numbers re ferred to in this section re fer to the specific revision mentioned, not to this document. revision no. history 9315cs-indco-09/14 ? section 5 ?package information? on page 20 updated 9315bs-indco-07/14 ? features on page 2 updated ? section 1.3 ?pinning? on pages 5 to 6 updated ? section 1.4 ?typical applications? on pages 7 to 8 updated ? section 2.2 ?operating modes overview? on page 12 updated ? section 3 ?hardware? on pages 13 to 14 updated ? section 3.5 ?power mana gement? on page 19 updated
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